What is Runner's Knee?
Runner's Knee, also known as patellofemoral pain syndrome, is a condition that affects the knee joint and is characterized by pain around the patella (knee cap), swelling, and limited mobility. It is among the most common injuries seen in runners, with a prevalence rate of 15.6% compared to other injuries [1]. Runner's Knee not only affects runners but can occur in other high-impact sports as well.
Getting treatment for Runner's Knee is crucial for runners and other athletes who undergo high impact and stress on their knee joints during training and/or competition. Ignoring the symptoms of Runner's Knee can lead to other injuries and may even force an athlete to miss extended time. Physical therapy is one of the most effective ways of treating Runner's Knee symptoms, restoring normal knee function, and returning to sport. This article will explore the causes of Runner’s Knee and how physical therapy can help.
What Are The Causes of Runner's Knee?
The exact cause of Runner's Knee is not well understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of factors, including overuse, improper training techniques, muscle weakness, and a history of previous injuries.
Overuse: Running too much, too fast, or increased high-impact activities without proper preparation
Improper Training Techniques: Running form, wrong shoes, or lack of recovery
Muscle Weakness: There is strong evidence demonstrating a significant association between Runner's Knee and hip muscle weakness, specifically the hip external rotator and hip abductor muscles. This can cause excessive hip adduction and internal rotation during running, which could lead to lateral patella tracking and increased contact pressure in the lateral aspect of the patella [2]
Previous Injury: A history of prior injuries can increase the risk of developing Runner's Knee [3]
There are many factors that can lead to the development of Runner’s knee, so it is important to identify and address these triggers. Early detection and treatment of Runner's Knee can help prevent the development of chronic pain, forced time off, and occurrence of other injuries.
How Does Physical Therapy Help Runner's Knee?
Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of Runner's Knee. At Resilience Physical Therapy, we can help individuals with Runner's Knee develop a recovery plan that addresses the underlying cause of their pain, help to restore normal knee function and provide a plan to return to sport.
Treatment for Runner’s Knee typically includes a combination of techniques, including:
Strengthening and Mobility Exercises: We will identify areas of weakness and immobility to recommend specific exercises which can help improve knee stability and reduce pain [Click here for some exercise examples]
Manual Therapy: We will implement soft tissue release, joint mobilization, taping techniques etc., to help reduce pain and improve knee mobility
Coaching: We will perform a running form analysis, make recommendations on appropriate footwear, and create a training plan to help prevent further injury and provide a safe transition back to sport
Our mission is to help support athletes through rehab by providing the latest techniques and evidence-based practices to achieve their goals and get back to doing what they love. Our physical therapists are dedicated to providing personalized, one-on-one care and developing individualized treatment plans to meet each athlete's specific needs. If you are experiencing knee pain due to running or other sports, our team would love to help. Schedule a discovery call to see if we are the right fit for you!
References:
Lopes AD, Hespanhol Júnior LC, Yeung SS, Costa LO. What are the main running-related musculoskeletal injuries? A Systematic Review. Sports Med. 2012 Oct 1;42(10):891-905. doi: 10.1007/BF03262301. PMID: 22827721; PMCID: PMC4269925.
Xie P, István B, Liang M. The Relationship between Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Hip Biomechanics: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Dec 28;11(1):99. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11010099. PMID: 36611559; PMCID: PMC9818693.
van Gent RN, Siem D, van Middelkoop M, van Os AG, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Koes BW. Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2007 Aug;41(8):469-80; discussion 480. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.033548. Epub 2007 May 1. PMID: 17473005; PMCID: PMC2465455.
Kakouris N, Yener N, Fong DTP. A systematic review of running-related musculoskeletal injuries in runners. J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Sep;10(5):513-522. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.04.001. Epub 2021 Apr 20. PMID: 33862272; PMCID: PMC8500811.